Test Kits

BODY BIOCHEMICAL TEST KIT 2 (25 vials)
(Test Kit BB2)

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¹= see Hormone Test Kit
² = see Body Biochemical 1 Test Kit
³ = see Amino Acid Test Kit
⁴= see Digestive Enzyme Test Kit

Code	Name	Type	Location And Role	Comments
BB26	Acetone		produced primarily during excessive fat metabolism, although some levels present in virtually every organ and tissue, and the blood contains some acetone	also manufactured and used widely in industry as a solvent in paints and lacquers and for cellulose plastics
BB27	Adenosine	neurotransmitter	affects central nervous system and peripheral nervous system; constituent of ATP and ADP	may be involved with asthma; stimulatory effect of tea and coffee because inhibit adenosine
BB28	Adenylate Cyclase	enzyme	converts ATP into cAMP² within the cell
BB29	Albumin/ Albumen	protein	produced by liver; most abundant (54%) and smallest of plasma proteins; regulates osmotic pressure of plasma and therefore fluid retention; carrier for metals, ions, fatty acids, amino acids, bilirubin², enzymes and drugs – prevents them being filtered out by the kidneys and excreted in urine
BB30	Antithrombin III	anti-coagulant	blocks action of clotting agents (factors XII, XI, IX, X and II)
BB31	Atrial Natriuretic Peptide /ANP/ Atriopeptin	hormone	produced in upper chambers of heart; increases excretion of sodium in urine; increases urine output and decreases blood volume; causes blood vessels to dilate; inhibits aldosterone¹ production and lowers blood pressure	children with congenital heart disease have high levels of ANP
BB32	Calcitriol	hormone	aids in absorption of dietary calcium and phosphorus; secreted by kidneys; it is the active hormonal form of vitamin D
BB33	Cortisol/ Hydrocortisone	hormone	the principal glucocorticoid¹; increases blood glucose levels by increasing cellular utilization of proteins and fats as energy sources thus conserving glucose; stimulates liver cells to produce glucose from amino acids and fats; secretion controlled by ACTH¹ from anterior pituitary; counteracts the inflammatory response	also used as a drug for inflammatory or allergic conditions
BB34	Endothelin-1		found in brain, intestines, kidneys and heart; most potent vasoconstrictor known; regulates salt transport in intestine	may be implicated in migraine; increased levels in diabetic and non-diabetic coronary artery disease; increased levels in micro-vascular angina
BB35	ß-Estradiol/ 17ß-Estradiol	hormone	synthesized from cholesterol in ovaries; predominant oestrogen hormone in non-pregnant women; promotes development and maintenance of female reproductive structures; increases protein anabolism; lowers blood cholesterol; moderate levels inhibit release of the hormones GnRH, FSH¹ and LH¹
BB36	Estriol	hormone	one of the oestrogen hormones; promotes development and maintenance of female reproductive structures; increases protein anabolism; lowers blood cholesterol; moderate levels inhibit release of the hormones GnRH, FSH¹ and LH¹
BB37	Estrone	hormone	one of the oestrogen hormones; promotes development and maintenance of female reproductive structures; increases protein anabolism; lowers blood cholesterol; moderate levels inhibit release of the hormones GnRH, FSH¹ and LH¹
BB38	Gamma-aminobutyrate acid/GABA	amino acid and neurotransmitter	most widely distributed inhibitory neurotransmitter; blocks noradrenaline¹ and dopamine²	deficiencies found in hypertension and seizures; a target for anti-anxiety drugs
BB39	Gamma Globulin	protein	approximately 38% of blood plasma proteins; carrier for antibodies and so has a role in infection and allergies	given as an injection to prevent viral hepatitis
BB40	Glucagon	hormone	raises blood sugar levels by accelerating breakdown of glycogen into glucose in the liver, converting other nutrients into glucose in the liver, and releasing glucose into the blood – opposes the action of insulin¹; may stimulate the secretion of water and electrolytes by the mucosa of the small intestine	given by injection in the emergency treatment of people with diabetes mellitus who are unconscious as a result of hypoglycaemia
BB41	Glutamic Acid/ Glutamate	amino acid and neurotransmitter	can be manufactured by the body; precursor of proline, ornithine³, arginine³ and polyamines; a stimulatory neurotransmitter; can be converted in body into GABA; nearly all excitatory neurons in the CNS and possibly half of the synapses in the brain communicate via glutamate; visual adaptation to light and dark	many epileptics have increased levels of glutamic acid; part of the acute reaction to withdrawal from drug addiction includes increase production of glutamate
BB42	Glycine	Amino acid and neurotransmitter	can be synthesized from other amino acids (serine and threonine³); acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter; assists in manufacture of DNA, glycerol, phospholipids, collagen, glutathione³ and cholesterol² conjugates; essential for one of key liver detoxification pathways; stimulates secretion of glucagons; in spinal cord (inhibitory action) and in retina	Parkinson’s disease; low levels often found in manic-depressives and epileptics; people with motor neurone disease may have impaired glycine metabolism
BB43	Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRP)	hormone	secreted by hypothalamus; stimulates release of LH¹ and FSH¹
BB44	Leptin	hormone	released by fat cells as they synthesize triglycerides; reduces appetite; ; believed to inhibit neuropeptide Y; role in central control of bone mass and so possibly osteoporosis; onset of puberty; believed to have an immune system role through support of helper T cells	non-insulin dependent diabetes, high blood pressure
BB45	Neuropeptide Y	peptide	present in many parts of the brain and autonomic nervous system; enhances effect of norepinephrine¹; stimulates appetite; causes increased storage of ingested food as fat; regulation of circadian rhythms, sexual functioning, anxiety and stress response, peripheral vascular resistance and contractility of heart; reduces energy expenditure: high circulating levels with severe exercise	a gene in roundworms (closely related to the neuropeptide Y receptor gene in humans) increases social contact and interaction
BB46	Neurotensin	neuropeptide	release stimulated by fatty acids; inhibits gastrointestinal motility and increases ileal blood flow; regulation of LH¹ and prolactin¹; blocks stimulation of acid and pepsin by the vagus nerve	low levels may be involved in schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease
BB47	Somatostatin	hormone	inhibits secretion of acid and pepsin³ and release of gastrin, insulin¹ and glucagons; inhibits motility of the gall bladder and intestine; suppresses secretion of lipase³ by the pancreas; slows absorption of nutrients from the gastro-intestinal tract
BB48	Thyroxine/ Tetraiodothyronine/ T₄	hormone	converted into T₃¹; growth and normal development; increase rate at which cells release energy from carbohydrates; enhance protein synthesis; stimulate nervous system
BB49	3,3’,5’-Triiodothyronine/ Reverse T₃	hormone	Reverse T₃ and T₃¹ are secreted in an inverse relationship allowing the thyroid to adjust the amount of thyroid activity; blocks the action of T₃¹ by binding with the receptor sites	acute and chronic diseases and malnutrition also shift the T₃¹ balance to Reverse T₃
BB50	Val-Pro- Asp-Pro-Arg	peptide	appetite suppressant in rats

References:
Linda Lazarides The Nutritional Health Bible
Thomas A Scott & E Ian Mercer Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William H Elliott & Daphne C Elliott Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
British Medical Association The BMA Complete Family Health Encyclopedia
Gerard Tortora and Sandra Reynolds Grabowski Principles of Anatomy & Physiology
Candace Pert Molecules Of Emotion
William F Ganong Review of Medical Physiology
Claire Ainsworth “Love That Fat” New Scientist, 16^th September 2000 (leptin information)
Some of the information on BB48 and 49 supplied by Vivian Klein, USA
Many different web sites, using www.copernic.com as the search engine
The web site www.the-scientist.com was particularly useful for information on leptin and neuropeptide

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© Jane Thurnell-Read


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BODY BIOCHEMICAL TEST KIT 2 (25 vials) (Test Kit BB2)

Acetone

Adenosine

Adenylate Cyclase

Albumin/

Albumen

Antithrombin III

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide /ANP/

Atriopeptin

Calcitriol

Cortisol/

Hydrocortisone

Endothelin-1

ß-Estradiol/

17ß-Estradiol

Estriol

Estrone

Gamma-aminobutyrate acid/GABA

Gamma Globulin

Glucagon

Glutamic Acid/ Glutamate

Glycine

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRP)

Leptin

Neuropeptide Y

Neurotensin

Somatostatin

Thyroxine/

Tetraiodothyronine/

T4

3,3’,5’-Triiodothyronine/ Reverse T3

Val-Pro- Asp-Pro-Arg

BODY BIOCHEMICAL TEST KIT 2 (25 vials)
(Test Kit BB2)

T₄

3,3’,5’-Triiodothyronine/ Reverse T₃